一.概念

   名词性从句共有四种:主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句

二.相关知识点精讲

1． 主语从句：主语从句在整个句子中作主语。

(1)不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不可以省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。

That the driver could not control his war was obvious.

It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.

(2)if 不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether

Whether he left (or not) is unknown

(3)当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。

What we need is more time and money.

What we need are many more books.

2.表语从句：表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。

The trouble is that we are short of money.

 Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it.

(1)  引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because, as if/ as though等等

 The reason (why/for which…..) is that ……

 It/This/That is because……

(2)  连系动词“appear, look, seem”的两个常用句型

It seems/appears that….

It looks/seems as if/as though……(与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气)

(3)  as 也可以引导表语从句

 Things are not always as they seem to be

3. 宾语从句：及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。

(1)   宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外

The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun

(2)   连词whether和 if可以互换，但注意下列情况

连词后紧跟or not时用whether

I want to know whether or not they will come.

作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句

He was interested in whether he saw her there.

连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether

He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.

如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导

I care if he will not attend the meeting.

(3)   当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it +宾补+that-clause,that不可省略

I think it certain that she will do well in her exam.

(4)   当主语是I, we ，主句用think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine五个动词时，用否定转移

I don’t think he will win the game, will he?