一. 概念

   英语中,为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句

二.相关知识点精讲

  1. 简单句中的省略：

在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。

（1）Looks like rain.

（2）Hope to hear from you soon.

（3）Sounds like a good idea.

（4）Beg your pardon.

（5）Feeling better today ?

（6）This way, please.

（7）—What does he want to eat ?

  —Some rice and vegetables.

（8）Anything I can do for you ?

（9）Sorry to hear that.

（10）Doesn’t matter.

（11）Terrible weather!

（12）Pity you couldn’t come.

2. 并列句中的省略：

在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：

（1）They learn French and we English.

（2）My father planned and built all these houses.

（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.

（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.

3. 复合句中的省略：

定语从句：

（1）That’s the reason he is late for the conference.

（2）I don’t like the way he talks.

状语从句：

（1）If heated, water will boil.

（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.

（3）We’ll go to help you if necessary.

（4）Had I time, I would come.

（5）I’ll go, should it be necessary.

（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.

宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。

（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.

（2）—Is Mr. King in his office?

  —Sorry, I don’t know（whether he is in his office or not）.

4. 动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。