命题点4  猜测词义

本类考题解答锦囊

    英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。   

    任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。此类题的提问形式一般有：   

  1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?

2. The underlined word, means_______.

3. The underlined phrase, means_______.

4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.

利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：

1.根据定义或解释猜测词义

【例题】    

(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.

根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。

(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义， biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。

(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.

2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。

【例题】  

(1)He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.根据耻下文学语境意义，可悟出 quickly 与 hasty 同义。

(2)Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy(美味), we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.根据上下文语境意义得知 raw meat 即是 meat that is uncooked. Raw 与 uncooked 表示相同意思生的，未煮过的。

(3)--1 think we are being watched.

   --Really? What makes you think we are under surveillance?根据语境，可判断出 being watched -15 under surveillance 是同义关系。

(4)During the concert, the children were quiet but afterwards, they became boiaterous.

      but 表示转折意思，因此 bomterous 是 quiet 的反义词，意思为吵吵嚷嚷的。