定语从句

定语从句:  在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。

先行词：  定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

关系词：  引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。

     复合句 ：    The man   who (that) came is Mike.

                   先行词   关系代词

Li Ming is the one  that   got full marks in our class.

    先行词 关系代词

          上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句，蓝体字为定语从句.

一 定语从句的关系代词 Which的用法: 若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.

      This is the pen   which  was given by my friend.

            先行词   指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

      This is the pen   which my friend gave to me.

            先行词   指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

二 定语从句的关系代词 Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)

The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.

先行词   指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.

先行词   指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

She is the girl with whom I went there.

先行词     指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.

三 定语从句的关系代词 Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom

This is the teacher whom\who we like best.

      先行词   指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

She is the girl whom\ who I went with there.

先行词  指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.