宾语从句

复习内容：宾语从句考点归纳              

复习目标：1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词

          2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语

          3、掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

重点：语序和时态呼应

难点：语序和时态呼应；与疑问词+不定式的转化；与状语从句的辨析

考点梳理：

一、             宾语从句的连接词：

1、  连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.

2、  连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

   He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

  ①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、  连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

   I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents.

        2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

二、             宾语从句的语序：

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳)

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √)

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” à She said she would leave a message on the desk.