【经典例题变形1】 Miss John’s bad habit is ______ (read) without thorough understanding.

【答案】reading，动名词作表语，表示主语的内容。

【经典例题变形2】It’s no use ______ (cry) over the split milk.

【答案】crying，动名词作主语；谚语：覆水难收。

【高考示例变型 3】Peter received a letter just now _______ (say) his grandma would come to see him soon.（07四川）

【答案】saying，现在分词作定语，一封……的信。

【高考示例变型 4】It is believed that if a book is _______ (interest), it will surely ______ (interest) the reader.（03上海）

【答案】interesting; interest，intesting“（物）有趣的”，现在分词作定语；interest (sb) vt.使人感兴趣。

【高考示例变型 5】The manager, _______ (make) it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. （05江西）

【答案】having made，分词完成式做状语，表发生在谓语动词前的动作。

【高考示例变形6】 Suddenly a tall man driving a golden carriage ______________(seize) the girl and took her away, ______________(disappear) into the woods. (2004,上海春招)【答案】seized，disappearing；and 连接并列谓语，故第一个空用一般过去时态；第二个空是disappearing 作状语表伴随。

【高考示例变形7】Victor apologized for ________________(他不能够) to inform me of the change in the plan.(2004，上海春招)

【答案】his not being able，for 为介词其后要用动词-ing形式作宾语，动词-ing形式的否定形式要在其前面加not。

【高考示例变形8】__________( face) so much trouble, we failed to finish the task on time.(2006, 四川)

【答案】 Facing，本题考查过去分词作状语，等于sb. be faced with…是固定搭配，意为：“某人面临某事”。

【高考示例变形9】______________(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.. (2004,北京)

【答案】Having waited，本题考查非谓语动词。由句意可知wait这一动作发生在realize之前，所以应该用动词的完成式，动词-ing形式的完成式在此作时间状语。

【高考示例变形10】__________________(not complete) the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks . (2004, 广东)

【答案】Not having completed，由题意可知，前一个动作发生在主句的动作之前，故应使用动词-ing形式的完成式形式作状语。

 

 

【高考示例变型】1.Mr. Smith used to smoke      (heavy) but he has given it up . （2004天津27）

【答案】heavily，考查副词，抽烟量大用heavily 修饰， 注意 a heavy smoker 抽烟多的人。

【高考示例变型】2.The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _____ (hope) have been solved by the end of next week.（2006江苏卷，26）

【答案】hopefully，考查副词，hopefully”有希望的”，其名词是hope。

【高考示例变型】3.The _____ ( express) on his face told me that he was angry.（2006湖北卷,23）

【答案】 expression，考查名词 “表情”，其动词是express “表达”。

【高考示例变型】4. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his ____ (well-known) one. （2007 全国卷II）

【答案】 best-known，考查合成形容词. best-known 最著名的。

【高考示例变型】5. It isn’t socially ____________ (accept) for parents to leave children unattended at that age. [2007 山东卷]

【答案】 acceptable，考查形容词。acceptable “可接受的”，其动词是accept “接受”。

 

 

一、根据语境完成下列单句训练

1. In the botanical garden we can find a(n) ______(various) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.

【答案】 variety，考查a variety of  各种各样。

2. -- What's that terrible noise?

-- The neighbors ____(prepare) for a party．

【答案】are preparing；考查prepare在作谓语时的用法。

从上句叙述的情况来看，“准备”正在进行。

3. In our childhood, we were often             (remind) by Grandmother to pay attention to our table manners.

【答案】reminded；考查remind基本用法remind表示“提醒；让……想起”

4.-- How about putting some pictures into the report?
--________（为什么不？）A picture is worth a thousand words.

【答案】Why not?考查How about / What about sb./ sth /doing sth ?  ......怎么样？征求意见或问消息时用。
5. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,______（work） on the project day and night to meet the deadline.

【答案】 is working，考查along with 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数取决于along with 前的名词或代词。
6. The father as well as three children _____ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.

【答案】 goes，as well as 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数取决于as well as前的名词或代词。

7. She devoted herself          (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.

【答案】entirely，考查副词 .entirely   完全地。

8. Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally          (friend).

【答案】friendly，考查.形容词 friendly 本句意为：绿色产品越来越受到欢迎是你因为它们对环境无害。

9. Please remind me _____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

【答案】when，remind sb +从句， 本句意为： 请提醒我他说的何时将要离开。 我可以及时地去送他。

10.--How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?

--Well, I get_____somehow.

【答案】along，get along = go without捱过；熬过。

二、语法填空：

Nowadays, millions   11   lonely singles are now going online instead.   12   World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).

     Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet   13   because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other. Using dating sites(约会网址) is quick and convenient. Many singles say the regular dating scene    14  (just lead) them from one bad experience to   15   and are ready to try something else. Dating sites also make    16   easy to avoid someone   17   you are not interested in. In the real world,   18  however, ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult.

     Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems. People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online   19  (describe). Safety is another concern. You are just   20  (like) to find a criminal online as you are Mr. Or Miss Right.

【答案解析】  文章主要讲述当今社会有很多单身汉通过网络来寻找自己的另一半，但是网络中寻觅也有它的弊端。

11. of  固定搭配，millions of意为“数以百万计的；许许多多的”。

12. The  由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the。

13. mainly  副词修饰整个句子，意为“主要地”。

14. has just led  根据just的惯用法得知此处填完成时态。

15. another  固定搭配，one…another (…)“一个……，另一个(……)”。

16. it  作形式宾语。

17. who / whom  作宾语用且指人的关系代词，也可用that或省略不填。

18. however  前后是转折关系。

19. description  根据句意和前面定语修饰该词，所以得用其名词形式。

20. likely  本句意为“你‘可能’会发现网络罪犯，因为你是Mr. Right或Mrs. Right”。likely在此处作形容词“可能的”用，sb. be likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。

三、阅读：

Wouldn’t it be nice to just look at a page and never forget what was on there? What if you could never again forget a friend’s birthday? The bad news is, almost all scientific experts agree that photographic memory—the ability to recall facts, images, and events perfectly—simply doesn’t exist. The good news, however, is that everyone can take steps to improve their memory, and with time and practice most people can gain the ability to memorize seemingly impossible amounts of information.

Step I Keep your brain active. The brain is not a muscle, but regularly “exercising" the brain actually does keep it growing and spurs the development of new nerve connections that can help improve memory. By developing new mental skills—especially complex ones such as learning a new language or learning to play a new musical instrument—and challenging your brain with puzzles and games you can keep your brain active and improve its physiological functioning.

Step II Exercise daily. Regular aerobic （有氧的）exercise improves circulation and efficiency throughout the body, including in the brain, and can help ward off the memory loss that comes with aging. Exercise also makes you more alert and relaxed, and can thereby improve your memory, allowing you to take better mental “pictures."

Step III Reduce stress. Chronic stress, although it does not physically damage the brain, can make remembering much more difficult. Even temporary stresses can make it more difficult to effectively focus on concepts and observe things. Try to relax, regularly practice yoga or other stretching exercises, and see a doctor if you have severe chronic stress.

Step IV Give yourself time to form a memory. Memories are very fragile in the short-term, and distractions can make you quickly forget something as simple as a phone number. The key to avoid losing memories before you can even form them is to be able to focus on the thing to be remembered for a while without thinking about other things.

21. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in the first paragraph?

A. movement   B. measures  C. exercise  D. stair

22. How to keep your brain active?

A. By developing new mental skills and challenging your brain with puzzles.

B．By exercising your brain and body.

C．By repeating what you have learned.

D. By playing computer games again and again.

23. What bad effect does stress have on memory?

A. Physically damaging the brain.

B. Forcing you to fix your attention.

C. Making it more difficult to effectively focus on concepts and observe things.

D. Helping you remember something more quickly.

24. Which statement is wrong accoding to the passage?

A. Almost all scientific experts agree that photographic memory is impossible.

B. Chronic stress can physically damage the brain and make remembering much more difficult.

C. Regular aerobic （有氧的）exercise can help ward off the memory loss from aging.

D. Distractions can make you quickly forget something.

25. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Wouldn’t it be nice to remember what you see?

B. Memorize large amounts of information.

C. Keep your brain work all time

D. How to improve your memory

21. B. take steps to do sth = take measures to do sth.下面的四条都是提高记忆的措施。

22．A．由第二段的第一句话知A项正确。B项的exercise body 与原文不符, C,D两项与原文的new skills 不一致。

23. C. 由第四段的第三句判断C项正确。

24. B. 此项前半部分的叙述与第四段的第二句意思相反，故错误。

25. D. 第一段的最后一句是文章的主题句，句中表明take steps to improve memory, 下面都是提高记忆的措施，故题目应为D项。

四、读写任务：

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

We’ve collected all the 2100 questionnaires on school violence，which we handed out last month to middle school teachers, students and their parents.

67% students admitted that school violence did exist around them, who also expressed their fear of school violence. As to the question “Who is most likely to be involved in school violence?”, most students gave “rich students”, “students without interest in study” or “students who make friends with bad guys or wandering dropouts outside schools” as their answers. When asked what may be the cause of school violence, most students chose “money”, “showing power”, “girls”. According to the survey, 26% students have encountered school violence at least once.

98% of the parents questioned said they were often worried about the safety of their kids in the school. Some parents said that if their children didn’t return home an hour after school, they would, most of the time, expect something bad had happened to them. Many parents chose to accompany their children to school and back home every day for fear that their money might be extorted or they might be beaten by some other teenagers outside the school because of some conflicts in the school.

Teachers also expressed their great concern about the increasing number of the cases of school violence. Li Rong, a psychology professor from Lanzhou Medical College, appealed to the attention of the whole society to the mental health of adolescents, who are going through a special period of life and easily engage in violence as they are longing for a sense of success, which, if not achieved in study, will be attempted to get through fighting or other forms of violence.

        -- adapted from Lanzhou Morning Post

[写作内容]

1．以约30个词概括短文的要点 ；

2. 就“ 抵制校园暴力 ”这一话题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容的要点，该部分的词数约为120；

（1）你对校园暴力的看法及持该看法原因；

（2）你认为是什么导致一些青少年选择以暴力的形式解决碰到的问题；

（3）若遭遇校园暴力你会如何应对。

[写作要求]

1．你可以使用使用实例或其他方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

［评分标准］

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

According to a recent survey, violence does exist in schools. Students show their fear and parents and teachers also express their great concern about it. Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents.

Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon which calls for our great concern. We should try every effort to prevent violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal safety could not be guaranteed. In fact, violence is a learned behavior. Children learn violent behaviors from adults or from what they see on television, on the Internet, in video games or movies.

If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in more fightings. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

All in all, every student should behave himself and keep away from school violence.