新课标人教版英语高三复习Book Five Unit Five 单元同步训练试题（附详解）
【语法归纳】
一、倒装句
【要点提示】
（一）全部倒装
1. there, here, now, then, thus等副词位于句首，常用的谓语动词是come, go, be, lie,run,stand等。
Here comes the bus. There stands a tree.
2. 充当地点的介词短语或者方位副词置于句首引起全部倒装。
Under the big tree sat an old man.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语如果是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Away he went. Here it comes.
3. 当表语提前放在句首时要引起完全倒装。
Among the teachers are two black men.
4. such 位于句首时引起完全倒装。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievement.
（二）部分倒装
1. 否定或半否定词（如never, little, seldom, often, at no time, in no way等）以及一些频度副词（如usually, sometimes, always, often等）放在句首时引起的倒装。
Seldom did he pass the exam.
Never have I been to such a beautiful place.
2.前半句需要倒装的句型有以下几个： Hardly\Scarcely…when…, Not only…but also…, No sooner…than…
No sooner had she seen her parents than she began to cry.
注意：not until 放在句首引起从句时，主句倒装。
Not until the woman’s husband went back home did she began to prepare supper.
3. so\neither\nor 开头的句子，表示“也”、“也不”时引起部分倒装。
If you won’t go to climb the mountain, neither will I.
注意：--The task is hard to finish. --So it is.
此处So it is.译作：的确如此。表示对上文内容加以肯定或正实。
4. “only + 状语从句\副词\介词短语”位于句首时引起部分倒装。
Only in this way can you speak English well.
5. as\though 在引导让步状语从句时引起部分倒装，其倒装语序为：表语\状语（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词）+ as\though+主语+其他成分。
Doctor as he is, he can’t deal with this kind of disease.
注意：句首如果是名词则不能带任何冠词。
Quiet student as he may be, he talks a lot with his best friend.
6. so\such…that…句型中，当so\such放在句首时，主句部分需要倒装。
So honest are you that the boss only trust you.
7. 表示虚拟语气的条件状语从句中谓语动词有were, had, should等词时，可将if省略，把 were, had, should等词置于从句的主语之前。
Were I not so busy, I should go with her.
8. 在表示祝愿的句子中。
May you win a gold medal in the Olympic Games.
【高考示例变型1】--Did Linda see the traffic accident?
--No, no sooner ________ (她刚走)than it happened. (2006,天津)
【答案】had she gone，no sooner…than…表示“刚…就…”，是固定结构，no sooner后常接完成时的倒装结构。
【高考示例变型2】.--It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
--Yes. _________ (也一样)yesterday. (2006,福建)
【答案】So was it，so开头的句子，表示“也”、“也不”时引起部分倒装。So was it yesterday. 意为“昨天也是这样”。
【高考示例变型3】Only then ________(她才意识到) how much damage had been caused.(2006, 陕西)
【答案】did she realize，only +副词位于句首时引起部分倒装。又因为then为过去的时间状语，所以应选一般过去时。
【高考示例变型4】Just in front of our house________(挺立着一棵高大的树) with a history of 1000 years. (2006,上海春)
【答案】stands a tall tree，充当地点的介词短语或者方位副词置于句首引起全部倒装。
【高考示例变型5】________ (他们不仅带来了)snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (2004，上海)
【答案】Not only did they bring，not only位于句首时句子选用部分倒装语序。
【高考示例变型6】If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ____（他也不会去）.(07 全国卷II)
【答案】 neither will he，neither开头的句子，说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“neither+be/have/助动词／情态动词＋主语”。
【高考示例变型7】 Little _______ （他意识到）that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (07 安徽卷)
【答案】 did he realize，表否定意义的词位于句首时要部分倒装。
【高考示例变型8】 I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ （没觉得）so lonely as now. (2007 辽宁卷)
【答案】 have I felt，表否定意义的词位于句首时要部分倒装，根据题目应选用现在完成时。
二、省略
【要点提示】 为了避免重复，突出关键词语，并使上下文紧密连接，在句子中有时省略一个或几个句子成分，这种语法手段被称为省略。省略大体可分为如下几种：
1. 介词的省略
一些与动词、名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常省略，而保留其后的动名词。常见的句型有：
spend some time (in) doing sth.；be busy (in) doing sth.；have difficulty (in) doing sth.；stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth.；
2. 连词that 的省略
I believe (that) he will come here.
3. 定语从句与名词性从句中的省略
1）在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略；在以the same… as 和such as 引出的某些定语从句中， 也可省略与主语相同的成分。
The teacher (who\whom\that) I talked with was Mr. Meng.
2) 在与suggest, request, order, advise等词相关的名词性从句中，应用虚拟语气形式“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
She suggests that we (should) go at once.
4. 动词不定式省略，只保留to的场合
不定式作某些某些动词的宾语时，常见的动词如expect, wish, refuse, mean, like, love, hope,want等。
He went home that day though he didn’t want to.
注意：当省略的不定式内容有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形have 或be。
The manager didn’t come to the meeting, though he ought to have.
5. 在以if, when, though, as if, unless等连词引导的从句中，如从句中的主要动词是be, 常将主语和动词be省略。
Unless invited, he will not come.
Whenever possible, I will come to visit you.
6. 在虚拟语气句型中的省略。
Were I you, I would go to Beijing alone.
【高考真题示例变形1】___________(当和……比较时) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004, 湖北)
【答案】When compared，本题考查when引导的时间状语从句中主语和be 的省略。完整的结构为：When it is compared with the size ……
【高考真题示例变形2】___________(如果你被解雇)fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（2006，湖北）
【答案】Should you be，本题考查虚拟条件句中省略if的用法。
【高考真题示例变形3】According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week___________ (watch) TV.(2004, 上海)
【答案】watching，本题考查spend st. (in) doing sth.
这一结构。句意：根据美国最近的一项调查，儿童每星期花在看电视上的时间达25个小时。
【高考真题示例变形4】--Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
--Yes, there’s one point _________we must insist on.
【答案】that/不填，本题考查定语从句的引导词。先行词one point在定语从句中作insist on的宾语。
【高考真题示例变形5】When _________(提供) help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”. (2005福建，33)
【答案】offered，本题考查在时间状语从句中，如果主句和从句的主语一致且从句中有主语和连系动词的话，那么从句中的主语和系动词可以省略，此题省略了one is , 完整的句子应为：“When （one is） offered help, one often…”。
一、根据语境完成下列单句训练
1._____________he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.(2006, 全国I)
【答案】Though/Although，尽管。
2. Victor apologized for his ______________(not be) able to inform me of the change in the plan.(2004, 上海)
【答案】not being， for后面要用动名词复合结构作宾语，非谓语动词的否定式要在其前面加not。
3. --There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
--My goodness! I can’t imagine _______ (be) that old.(2006, 江苏)
【答案】being，imagine“想像”，后要求接动名词结构作宾语。
4. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have _____________(曾经) heard of her.(2006, 广东)
【答案】ever，意为“曾经”，符合题意。
5. The traffic lights _____________(go) green and I pulled away.( 2006, 广东)
【答案】went，表示颜色变化，动词常用go/turn。句意为：交通灯变成绿灯了，我走开了。
6. --Can the project be finished as planned?
--Sure, ________ (get) completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
【答案】 to get，考查不定式短语作目的状语，get sth. done结构意为“使……被……”。
7. It is difficult to imagine his _____________(accept) decision without any consideration.(2006, 陕西，13)
【答案】accepting，imagine后要用v-ing形式作宾语。
8. It is no use ______________(argue) with Bill because he will never change his mind.(2006, 全国卷II，11)
【答案】arguing，考查It is+(n.) +use/good+doing sth.这一句型。
9. As a candidate, you must make a good _______(impress) on everyone you meet if you want to win the election.(2007, 临沂模拟)
【答案】impression，make a good impression on意为“给……留下好印象”。
10. It is imagination___________ makes the world colourful, full of vigor and vitality.(2007, 上海春招，32)
【答案】that，考查强调句型。本题中强调的是原句中的主语。
二、语法填空：
__11__ is known to all, China is a large country __12__ agriculture. Science of farming was first __13__ (study) here.
Jia Si Xie, living __14__ the 6th century AD, was one of the farming pioneers. After he finished his work for the government, he spent his time __15__ research into agriculture. He studied __16__ to keep seeds, how to improve soil conditions and so on.
During the year 533~544, he wrote a book __17__ (call) Qi Min Yao Shu __18__ is about both farming and gardening, __19__ (include) advice on how to grow green vegetables, how to keep fish in lakes and so on. It was considered to be __20__ important summary of farming knowledge.
【答案解析】
11. As as is known to all众所周知。
12. of 所属关系。
13. studied Study与主语之间为被动关系。
14. in 表示“世纪”的名词前用in.
15. on spend time on sth
16. how 怎样留种子。
17. called 过去分词作后置定语。
18. which 限制性定语从句
19. including 介词。
20. an important以元音开头。
三、阅读：
A
“If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.
The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives — the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic(基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do — as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.
It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read — sports and international news, etc.
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.
21. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Best Way to Get News
B. The Changes of Media
C. Make Your Own Newspaper
D. The Future of Newspaper
22. In the writer’s opinion, in the future, _______.
A. more big political affairs, wars and disasters will make news
B. newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer
C. newspapers will cover more scientific research
D. more and more people will watch TV
23. What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?
A. Sports and international news.
B. A menu of important news.
C. The most important news.
D. What you are interested in.
24. From the passage, we can infer _______.
A. newspapers will win the competition among the different media
B. newspapers will stay with us together with other media
C. television will take the place of newspaper
D. the writer believe some media will die out
25. The phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph means _______.
A. depend on B. compete with C. fight with D. kill off
【答案解析】 本文提出报纸这一新闻媒体在近百年内不会消失的观点并分析了其原因。
21. D 主旨题。从文章第1句：一百年后人们仍要读报，到后面文章讲到报纸跟人们生活的关系，报纸的形式和内容，可归纳出此题的答案为D。
22. C 细节题。根据文章第2段I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though.可推知此题答案为C。
23. D 推断题。从文章第3段最后一句You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read… 可推知此题答案为D。
24. B 细节题。根据文章第1段第3句Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday可推知此题答案为B。
25. A 词义猜测题。作者上一句说人们错误地认为各各种不同的媒体相互竞争，而下一句作者又说 They actually feed off each other(注意句中 actually 一词)，再结合所给的四个选项，可知选A为合适。
B
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated(估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
26. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. The Difficulties of Learning English
B. International Communications
C. The Standard Varieties of English
D. English as a World Language
27. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B. There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C. It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D. People learn English for a variety of reasons.
28. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A. It was popular during Shakespeare’s time.
B. It is used in former British colonies.
C. It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D. It is a world language that is used for international communication.
29. What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?
A. The ability to read a newspaper.
B. It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C. Being a multilingual.
D. Being a native speaker.
30. What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A. Those geographically close to the United States.
B. Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C. Former colonies of Great Britain.
D. Countries where international conferences are held.
【答案解析】 本文介绍了英语的发展变化情况，说明了英语最后成为世界语言的原因及英语在当代社会中的重要性。
26.D 主旨题。根据第3段第1句及全文的内容：英语在各个国家的各个领域的应用，可推知此题的答案为 D。
27.A 细节题。根据文章第1段中第2句及第2段的第1句的描述可推知此题的答案为A。
28.D 推断题。根据文章最后一段的描述，英语在世界不同领域、不同的地区的使用，可推知此题的答案为D。
29.B 细节题。根据文章第2段最后一句可推知此题答案为B。
30.C 细节题。根据文章最后一段倒数第2句可推知此题答案为C。
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